Chapter 4
This is a long one.
I learnt the following things:
1. Good works and virtues are means to the end of achieving perfection -- our ultimate goal. This is similar to what the Rambam says...
2. Envy will exist in the world to come. If you mess up in this world, you'll get a very puny share in the next world, and you're not going to like it, just like you don't like it now when your neighbour is driving a fancier car or has a bigger house. I think this moshul is VERY strange and hard to understand........
3. Death gives urgency to our need to watch over our deeds -- we won't be able to fix them when we're dead.
4. Even the smallest sins can lead to grave punishments, and the holier you are, the more accountable you become. This is of course a well-known idea that is often summoned to explain apparently asymmetric punishments in the Torah. To be honest, this idea -- coupled with the idea that there is no reward for mitzvos in this world -- ought to discourage many people from the pursuit of saintliness. Who wants to bring such scrutiny onto themselves?
5. When teschuva is accepted, the very desire for the sin is taken away. I've never heard of that before. How do you understand it? If you come across something that has caused you to sin, and you still have the desire to sin with it -- does that mean that your teschuva has not been accepted?
6. Fear of sin leads to watchfulness of actions. Fear of sin is acquired through knowledge of the requirements of the law, desire to achieve greater reward in Olam Haba, desire to achieve perfection in deeds and character, and being fearful of Divine punishment.
